2026-09-17

Exercises for Section 2.4

Source: Richard Hammack, The Book of Proof, 3rd ed., “Exercises for Section 2.4” (p. 47).

A. Without changing their meanings, convert each of the following sentences into a sentence having the form “P if and only if Q.”

  • 1. For matrix \(A\) to be invertible, it is necessary and sufficient that \(\det(A)\neq 0\).

  • 2. If a function has a constant derivative then it is linear, and conversely.

  • 3. If \(xy=0\) then \(x=0\) or \(y=0\), and conversely.

  • 4. If \(a\in\mathbb{Q}\) then \(5a\in\mathbb{Q}\), and if \(5a\in\mathbb{Q}\) then \(a\in\mathbb{Q}\).

Exercises for Section 2.5

Source: Richard Hammack, The Book of Proof, 3rd ed., “Exercises for Section 2.5” (p. 50).

A. Write a truth table for each of the following logical statements.

  • 2. \((Q\vee R)\Leftrightarrow(R\wedge Q)\)

  • 4. \(\sim(P\vee Q)\vee(\sim P)\)

  • 8. \(P\vee(Q\wedge\sim R)\)

B. Find the truth values of the letters below. (This can be done without a truth table.)

  • 10. Suppose the statement \(((P\wedge Q)\vee R)\Rightarrow(R\vee S)\) is false. Find the truth values of \(P\), \(Q\), \(R\), and \(S\).

Exercises for Section 2.6

Source: Richard Hammack, The Book of Proof, 3rd ed., “Exercises for Section 2.6” (p. 52).

A. Use truth tables to show that the following statements are logically equivalent.

  • 3. \(P\Rightarrow Q = (\sim P)\vee Q\)

  • 4. \(\sim(P\vee Q) = (\sim P)\wedge(\sim Q)\)

B. Decide whether or not the following pairs of statements are logically equivalent.

  • 12. \(\sim(P\Rightarrow Q)\) and \(P\wedge\sim Q\)

  • 13. \(P\vee(Q\wedge R)\) and \((P\vee Q)\wedge R\)